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Study Title and Description

Effects of caffeine, caffeine-associated stimuli, and caffeine-related information on physiological and psychological arousal.



Key Questions Addressed
1 For [population], is caffeine intake above [exposure dose], compared to intakes [exposure dose] or less, associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes?
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Primary Publication Information
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TitleData
Title Effects of caffeine, caffeine-associated stimuli, and caffeine-related information on physiological and psychological arousal.
Author A Mikalsen,B Bertelsen,MA Flaten,
Country
Year 2001
Numbers

Secondary Publication Information
There are currently no secondary publications defined for this study.


Extraction Form: Cardiovascular Design
Design Details
Question... Follow Up Answer Follow-up Answer
What outcome is being evaluated in this paper? Cardiovascular
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What is the objective of the study (as reported by the authors)? Two experiments investigated whether administration of caffeine-associated stimuli elicited conditioned arousal, and whether information that a drink contained or did not contain caffeine modulated arousal.
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Provide a general description of the methods as reported by the authors. Information should be extracted based on relevance to the SR (i.e., caffeine related methods) Subjects attended eight sessions. The subjects were asked to refrain from ingesting caffeine and using nicotine or drugs for at least 12 h prior to each session. To control for time of day effects, each subject was run at the same time each day. All administration of caffeine or tonic water was double-blind. The procedure for each of the eight experimental sessions was as follows. After arrival at the laboratory the subjects were weighed. Thereafter, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. The experimenter measured up an amount of caffeine solution or flat tonic water according to the formula [body weight (kg)/4=number of millilitres of solution] and mixed this with about 100 ml orange juice or coffee. [NOTE: This equates to 2 mg/kg BW.] Immediately after the end of the pretest the solution was given to the subject, who drank it as quickly as possible. Immediately after ingestion of the solution, the post-test was in effect. The post-test consisted of 30 trials of noise stimuli, and startle and SCRs were again recorded. The post-test lasted for about 27 min. After the 30 trials the electrodes were removed, blood pressure and pulse rate were again recorded.
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How many outcome-specific endpoints are evaluated? 2
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What is the (or one of the) endpoint(s) evaluated? (Each endpoint listed separately) Blood pressure (SBP and DBP)
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List additional health endpoints (separately). 2 Heart rate
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List additional health endpoints (separately).3
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List additional health endpoints (separately).4
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List additional health endpoints (separately).5
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List additional health endpoints (separately).6
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Clinical, physiological, other Physiological
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What is the study design? Controlled Trial
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Randomized or Non-Randomized? RCT
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What were the diagnostics or methods used to measure the outcome? Objective
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Optional: Name of Method or short description Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by an Omron HEM-405C digital monitor.
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Caffeine (general) Caffeine (general)
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Coffee, Chocolate, energy drink, gum, medicine/supplement, soda, tea, other?
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Measured or self reported? Measured
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Children, adolescents, adults, or pregnant included? Adults
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What was the reference, comparison, or control group(s)? (e.g. high vs low consumption, number of cups, etc.) Each subject received the same treatment and served as their own controls
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What were the listed confounders or modifying factors as stated by the authors? (e.g. multi-variable components of models.  Copy from methods) None
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What conflicts of interest were reported? No information provided
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Refid 11605096
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What were the sources of funding? No information provided
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Results & Comparisons

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